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Cyclone dust collector working principle and its advantages and disadvantages

DATE:2023-08-05Number of views: Source:LEFILTER

Cyclone dust collector is a device that utilizes the centrifugal force during the rotation of airflow to separate dust from the dusty airflow. It consists of 4 parts: inlet, cylinder, cone and discharge pipe (inner cylinder).


Dust-containing gas flow from the dust collector inlet along the tangential direction into the dust collector, along the outer wall of the rotating movement from up to down, the rotating gas flow from up to down is called the outer vortex. When the outer vortex reaches the bottom of the cone, it turns upward and rotates along the axis, and is discharged from the discharge pipe. This downward and upward airflow is called internal vortex. The downward external vortex and upward internal vortex rotation direction is the same.

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When the airflow is rotating, the dust is thrown to the outer wall under the action of centrifugal force, and the dust that reaches the outer wall falls into the dust hopper along the wall under the joint action of the downward rotating airflow and gravity.


Advantages of cyclone dust collector include: there is no moving part in the dust collector, so it is easy to maintain; it can withstand high temperature up to 400°C, and if special high temperature resistant material is used, it can also withstand higher temperature; after wear-resistant lining is laid inside the dust collector, it can be used to purify the flue gas which contains high abrasive dust.


Cyclone dust collector efficiency is with the reduction of the diameter of the simplified body and increase, when the diameter decreases, the handling air volume also decreases. When the requirements of a larger air volume, such as several cyclone dust collector used in parallel, covers an area of too large, the management is not convenient, so it has produced a multi-tube combination of structural forms.

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Multi-tube dust collector is to combine many small diameter (100~250mm) cyclones in parallel in a box, sharing - an air inlet, exhaust port and dust hopper. In order to make the air volume distribution uniform, the air inlet and exhaust space is separated by inclined partition, in order to make the structure of the dust collector compact, the dusty gas enters into the cyclone from the axial direction through the spiral guide vane, and rotates by the action of the spiral guide vane.


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